MassachusettsHISTORY EXPLORERS GRADES 3–8
Language / Idioma
Choose your path

Reading tools & my notebook
My passport
Quick glossary
evidence
Information from a source that helps us test a claim.
source
A document, object, image, or account we can examine.
inference
An explanation based on clues; it still needs checking.
migration
Moving from one place to another to live.
immigrant
A person who moves to another country to live.
estimate
An approximate amount, based on available information.
oral history
A recorded interview about someone’s memories and experiences.
community
People connected by a place, relationships, or shared activities.
ancestry
Family origins across generations.
primary source
Evidence created by someone who experienced a time or event.

Our island’s Brazilian connections

Read published life stories and investigate the numbers behind community estimates.

Brazilian Martha’s VineyardCommunity voices

Take a virtual field trip

All field trips →

Martha’s Vineyard, close up

Explore six towns, living Wampanoag communities, Black heritage, harbors, books, land, and public life.

Aquinnah cliffs on Martha’s Vineyard

One island. Many ways to investigate.

Vineyard Haven is a village in Tisbury. Dukes County also includes the Elizabeth Islands; the county and Martha’s Vineyard are not exactly the same place.

Town boundaries and government maps do not define the full history of Wampanoag homelands.

Open the six-town map →
The Martha’s Vineyard Museum building and glass-walled entrance at dusk.
Martha’s Vineyard Museum in Vineyard Haven.Martha’s Vineyard Museum; photographer not identified on its source page. Image source ↗
Island history

Martha’s Vineyard Museum

Vineyard Haven, Martha’s Vineyard

Island objects and stories connect maritime work, community life, and a changing landscape. Explore how the Vineyard links local experiences with wider histories.

A question to investigate

How does living on an island shape people’s choices and connections?

Explore the official source ↗
The shingled Edwin D. Vanderhoop Homestead beside open grassland and the sea in Aquinnah.
Edwin D. Vanderhoop Homestead, home of the Aquinnah Cultural Center.Aquinnah Cultural Center; photographer not identified on its source page. Image source ↗
Native history and culture

Aquinnah Cultural Center

Aquinnah, Martha’s Vineyard

At the Edwin D. Vanderhoop Homestead, the center shares Aquinnah Wampanoag self-defined history and living culture through exhibits and community knowledge.

A question to investigate

Why is it important for a community to tell its own story?

Explore the official source ↗
Elaine Weintraub, Thelma Hurd, and Carrie Tankard at Cottagers’ Corner in Oak Bluffs, a Martha’s Vineyard African American Heritage Trail site.
Elaine Weintraub, Thelma Hurd, and Carrie Tankard at Cottagers’ Corner in Oak Bluffs, a Martha’s Vineyard African American Heritage Trail site.Ralph Stewart, MV Times; published by the Martha’s Vineyard African American Heritage Trail. Image source ↗
Independent heritage trail

African American Heritage Trail of Martha’s Vineyard

Martha’s Vineyard

Marked places and community research preserve the stories of Black residents and visitors across the island. Explore how public memory grows when overlooked lives are researched.

A question to investigate

Which person in your community deserves a place on a heritage trail?

Explore the official source ↗
Official county index map, including cities and towns.
Official county index map, including cities and towns.MassGIS / Commonwealth of Massachusetts Image source ↗
political

Counties

statewide · 2000s

Counties group towns and cities. Find Dukes County and compare it with Berkshire County.

A question to investigate

How can a county include several islands?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Open the interactive map ↗
Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts, USGS 1986 topographic map at 1:100,000.
Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts, USGS 1986 topographic map at 1:100,000.U.S. Geological Survey Image source ↗
historical

Martha’s Vineyard USGS topographic map

Vineyard · 1900s

Read contour lines, settlements, roads, and water on an island topographic map.

A question to investigate

Where are the hills and where is the land flatter?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Photograph of a display copy of Simon Athearn’s annotated Martha’s Vineyard map of 1698
Simon Athearn’s annotated Martha’s Vineyard map, 1698 — later photograph of a display copy.Harvard Forest; display at Manuel F. Correllus State Forest, based on a map at Martha’s Vineyard Museum Image source ↗
historical

Simon Athearn’s annotated Martha’s Vineyard map

Vineyard · 1600s

Study a photographed copy of an early annotated island map.

A question to investigate

Which place names can you find today?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
[Chart of Nantucket Island and the eastern half of Martha's Vineyard]
[Chart of Nantucket Island and the eastern half of Martha's Vineyard] — 1776Leventhal Map & Education Center / Boston Public Library; Des Barres, Joseph F. W. (Joseph Frederick Wallet), 1722-1824 Image source ↗
historical

Nantucket and eastern Martha’s Vineyard

Vineyard · 1700s

Study an eighteenth-century chart of the two islands.

A question to investigate

What information would help a ship avoid shallow water?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Map of the island of Martha's Vineyard with its dependencies
Map of the island of Martha's Vineyard with its dependencies — [1782]Massachusetts Historical Society / Norman B. Leventhal Map & Education Center; St. John de Crèvecoeur, J. Hector, 1735-1813 Image source ↗
historical

Martha’s Vineyard and its dependencies

Vineyard · 1700s

See how the island was drawn in an eighteenth-century printed map.

A question to investigate

Which neighboring islands are included?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Plan of Edgartown and Tisbury, made by Benjamin Smith, dated June 1, 1795.
Plan of Edgartown and Tisbury, made by Benjamin Smith, dated June 1, 1795. — 1795Leventhal Map & Education Center / Massachusetts Archives; Smith, Benjamin Image source ↗
historical

Edgartown and Tisbury survey

Vineyard · 1700s

Explore an island town survey made in 1795.

A question to investigate

How do the town divisions compare with today?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Plan of Chilmark made by Thomas Dunham, dated May 1831
Plan of Chilmark made by Thomas Dunham, dated May 1831 — May 1831Leventhal Map & Education Center / Massachusetts Archives; Dunham, Thomas Image source ↗
historical

Chilmark survey

Vineyard · 1800s

Study Thomas Dunham’s 1831 town plan.

A question to investigate

What did the surveyor choose to label?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Plan of Edgartown made by Henry H. Crapo, dated 1830
Plan of Edgartown made by Henry H. Crapo, dated 1830 — 1830Leventhal Map & Education Center / Massachusetts Archives; Crapo, Henry H. Image source ↗
historical

Edgartown survey

Vineyard · 1800s

Inspect Henry H. Crapo’s 1830 plan of Edgartown.

A question to investigate

Which water features help you locate the town?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
The harbor of Holmes' Hole
The harbor of Holmes' Hole — 1847Leventhal Map & Education Center / Phillips Academy; United States Coast Survey Image source ↗
historical

The harbor of Holmes’ Hole

Vineyard · 1800s

Read a nineteenth-century chart of today’s Vineyard Haven harbor.

A question to investigate

What can the water-depth numbers tell a sailor?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Barnstable County, Dukes County and Nantucket Island, Massachusetts
Barnstable County, Dukes County and Nantucket Island, Massachusetts — [1871]Leventhal Map & Education Center / Phillips Academy; Walling, Henry Francis, 1825-1888 Image source ↗
historical

Barnstable, Dukes, and Nantucket counties

regional · 1800s

Compare Cape Cod with the island counties on one map.

A question to investigate

How does water connect these counties?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Edgartown, Duke's County, Martha's Vineyard Id., Mass
Edgartown, Duke's County, Martha's Vineyard Id., Mass — [1886?]Boston Public Library / Norman B. Leventhal Map & Education Center; Walker, G. H. (George H.) Image source ↗
historical

Edgartown from above

Vineyard · 1800s

Explore a bird’s-eye view of Edgartown streets, buildings, and harbor.

A question to investigate

How is a bird’s-eye view different from an overhead map?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Cottage City, Martha's Vineyard, Mass
Cottage City, Martha's Vineyard, Mass — 1887Leventhal Map & Education Center / Boston Public Library; Poole, A. F. Image source ↗
historical

Cottage City from above

Vineyard · 1800s

Look at a view of the place now called Oak Bluffs.

A question to investigate

What clues suggest that visitors traveled here?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Eldridge's map of Martha's Vineyard
Eldridge's map of Martha's Vineyard — 1913Boston Public Library / Norman B. Leventhal Map & Education Center; Eldridge, George, d. 1900 Image source ↗
historical

Eldridge’s map of Martha’s Vineyard

Vineyard · 1900s

Explore roads, settlements, and travel information on this 1913 island map.

A question to investigate

Which places would a visitor want to find?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Marthas Vineyard, Massachusetts : landuse in 1985
Marthas Vineyard, Massachusetts : landuse in 1985 — 1989MassGIS / Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs; Boston Public Library; MassGIS (Office : Mass.), Massachusetts. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs Image source ↗
historical

Martha’s Vineyard, 1989

Vineyard · 1900s

Compare a late-twentieth-century island map with older ones.

A question to investigate

Which kinds of information became more detailed?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Edgartown 1971 to 1985 land use change
Edgartown 1971 to 1985 land use change — published 1987–1991 (change map, second sheet).Leventhal Map & Education Center / Boston Public Library; University of Massachusetts (Amherst campus). Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, MassGIS (Office : Mass.), Massachusetts. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs Image source ↗
historical

Edgartown land-use change, 1971–1985

Vineyard · 1900s

Investigate mapped changes in how land was used in Edgartown.

A question to investigate

What changes might replace open land?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
New England regional transportation map = Mapa do transporte regional da Nova Inglaterra = Nueva Inglaterra, mapa regional de transporte = Carte de transport régionale de la Nouvelle Angleterre = 新英格蘭區域交通路線圖
New England regional transportation map = Mapa do transporte regional da Nova Inglaterra = Nueva Inglaterra, mapa regional de transporte = Carte de transport régionale de la Nouvelle Angleterre = 新英格蘭區域交通路線圖 — [2015?]Leventhal Map & Education Center / Boston Public Library; Massachusetts. Department of Transportation, Connecticut. Department of Transportation, Maine. Department of Transportation, New Hampshire. Department of Transportation, Rhode Island. Department of Transportation, Vermont. Agency of Transportation Image source ↗
transportation

New England regional transportation map

regional · 2000s

Compare regional travel connections, including Vineyard ferry-route insets.

A question to investigate

How would you combine two kinds of transportation?

Dig deeper · grades 6–8

Compare the map’s creator, date, purpose, scale, and missing information with a second map. Explain what changed and what stayed connected.

Explore the official source ↗
Map collection

Harvard Forest’s Vineyard historical maps

Browse a curated history of regional and island maps.

Which map would you choose to study a changing shoreline?

Open the official map resource ↗
Map collection

Martha’s Vineyard Commission prepared maps

Find prepared maps of town planning, watersheds, zoning, and more.

How would a watershed map help a town make decisions?

Open the official map resource ↗
Map collection

Dukes County interactive map collection

Explore local GIS maps for Dukes County and its island towns.

How do different layers tell different stories about one place?

Open the official map resource ↗

Our school, our place

Explore the MVPCS land-evidence collection and the history of West Tisbury.

Discover MVPCS →
Browse all collections